df – Report File System Disk Space Usage

The df command displays information about the amount of disk space available and used on mounted file systems.

Syntax

df [OPTION]... [FILE]...
  • If no file or directory is specified, df reports on all mounted file systems.

Options

Option Description
-h Human-readable format (e.g., 1K, 234M, 2G)
-H Human-readable format using powers of 1000 (e.g., 1k, 234M)
-T Display the type of each file system
-a Include dummy file systems
-i Show inode usage instead of block usage
-t TYPE Limit output to file systems of type TYPE
-x TYPE Exclude file systems of type TYPE

Practical Examples

1. Show disk usage of all mounted file systems

df

2. Display disk usage in human-readable format

df -h

Output example:

Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1       100G   60G   35G  64% /
tmpfs           7.8G  1.2M  7.8G   1% /run

3. Show file system types

df -T

4. Show inode usage instead of block usage

df -i

5. Display disk usage for a specific directory or mount point

df -h /home

Tips

  • Use df -h for easy-to-read sizes.
  • To check disk space before installing software or copying large files.
  • Combine with grep to filter specific file systems, e.g.,
df -hT | grep ext4

See Also

  • du – estimate file and directory space usage
  • mount – display mounted file systems
  • lsblk – list information about block devices

Summary

df is a handy command to quickly check disk space usage and available capacity across file systems, helping monitor storage health and capacity.